Laboratory Animal Technician (LAT) Practice Exam

Erythrocytes, commonly known as red blood cells, play a crucial role in the transport of respiratory gases throughout the body, particularly oxygen and carbon dioxide. They contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds to oxygen in the lungs and carries it to cells and tissues, where it is used for metabolic processes. Additionally, erythrocytes facilitate the removal of carbon dioxide, a metabolic waste product, from the cells and transport it back to the lungs for exhalation. This function is essential for maintaining proper cellular respiration and overall homeostasis within the body.

The other roles outlined in the answer choices are managed by different types of cells or systems. For instance, the immune response is primarily the duty of leukocytes (white blood cells) rather than erythrocytes. Blood clotting involves platelets and specific proteins in the plasma that work together to form a clot and is not a function of erythrocytes. Nutrient absorption is the responsibility of the digestive system and specifically involves villi in the intestinal lining, not erythrocytes. Thus, the primary and vital function of erythrocytes remains the transport of respiratory gases, primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide.