What two main functions does the pancreas serve?

The pancreas plays a crucial dual role in the body, serving both the endocrine and exocrine systems. Its endocrine function involves the regulation of hormones, particularly insulin and glucagon, which are vital for maintaining blood glucose levels. Insulin decreases blood sugar by facilitating the uptake of glucose into tissues, while glucagon increases blood sugar by promoting the release of glucose from liver stores.

On the exocrine side, the pancreas produces and secretes digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and proteases into the small intestine. These enzymes are essential for the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, facilitating their digestion and absorption.

The other options describe functions that either do not accurately capture the primary roles of the pancreas or pertain to organs that serve those functions, such as the liver for bile production. By recognizing that the pancreas is fundamentally involved in both the secretion of digestive enzymes and the regulation of hormones, the selection aligns perfectly with its main functions in the body.