Which animal species is most commonly used in genetic engineering studies?

Mice are the most commonly used species in genetic engineering studies due to several key factors. Their genetic makeup is well-mapped, which facilitates easier manipulation and understanding of genetic functions. Mice have a short reproductive cycle and a high reproductive rate, allowing researchers to quickly produce multiple generations for study. This is particularly important in genetic research, where observing the effects of specific genetic modifications across generations can yield valuable insights.

Additionally, the ability to create transgenic mice—those that have had genes inserted or altered—has made them an ideal model organism for studying gene function and the effects of genetic mutations. Their small size and ease of maintenance in laboratory environments further contribute to their popularity in research settings.

Although other species like rats and rabbits have their uses, particularly in different contexts of research, they do not match the specific advantages that mice offer for genetic engineering, solidifying their status as the primary choice in this field.